Asphalt emulsifier is a common road maintenance material. So, what are the classification and chemical names of asphalt emulsifiers? Below, Longteng Road, a manufacturer of asphalt emulsifiers, will provide you with a detailed explanation. Asphalt emulsifiers are mainly divided into two categories: ionic emulsifiers and nonionic emulsifiers. Ionic emulsifiers are classified into three types based on the charge carried by their hydrophilic end after dissociation: anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic.
1. Anionic emulsifier
Anionic emulsifiers can be divided into carboxylate salts, sulfonate salts, sulfate ester salts, phosphate ester salts, etc. according to the different negative ion groups. A typical anionic emulsifier is sodium stearate (CH3CH2h6COONa). Its long chain portion is non-polar oleophilic and only soluble in asphalt; The negatively charged portion is hydrophilic and only soluble in water, resulting in an interface protective film characterized by anions at the interface between asphalt and water.
2. Cationic emulsifier
The chemical name for cationic emulsifiers is cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC). Cationic emulsifier refers to an emulsifier with cationic groups, and its main component is cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC). Cationic emulsifiers belong to quaternary ammonium salt compounds in chemistry and have good surface activity. They are commonly used in various applications such as emulsification, dispersion, and stabilization systems. They can form positively charged micelles in water, interact with negatively charged particles, and thus act as emulsifiers. Cationic surfactants are mainly nitrogen-containing organic amine derivatives. Due to the lone pair electrons in the nitrogen atom of the molecule, they can bond with the hydrogen in the acid molecule through hydrogen bonds, giving the amine base a positive charge and exhibiting good surface activity in acidic media.
In addition, non-ionic emulsifiers do not have significant charges, usually have good biocompatibility, and have good stability in aqueous solutions with different pH values. They are commonly used under special emulsification conditions, such as composite emulsification. The specific applications of cationic emulsifiers include:
(1) Emulsifier: Used for emulsifying synthetic rubber, silicone oil, asphalt, and chloroprene latex asphalt waterproof coatings.
(2) Antistatic agent: reduces the accumulation of static electricity on the surface of materials.
(3) Penetrating agent: increases the solubility and permeability of substances in solvents.
